The other two hip bones, the ischium and the pubis, extend ventrally down from the ilium towards the belly of the animal. In both saurischians and ornithischians, the ilium extends laterally to both sides from the axis of the body. The clade Dinosauria is divided into the Saurischia and Ornithischia based on hip structure, including importantly that of the ilium. It is also used by anthropologists to estimate body mass. For example, a large baby or a small pelvis often lead to death unless a caesarean section is performed. The biiliac width measure is helpful in obstetrics because a pelvis that is significantly too small or too large can have complications. Attempting to measure biiliac width with a tape measure along a curved surface is inaccurate. It is best measured by anthropometric calipers (an anthropometer designed for such measurement is called a pelvimeter). In humans, biiliac width is an anatomical term referring to the widest measure of the pelvis between the outer edges of the upper iliac bones.īiiliac width has the following common synonyms: pelvic bone width, biiliac breadth, intercristal breadth/width, bi-iliac breadth/width and biiliocristal breadth/width. It has an external and an internal surface, a crest, and two borders-an anterior and a posterior. The wing ( Latin: ala) is the large expanded portion which bounds the greater pelvis laterally. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the obturator internus.
The body ( Latin: corpus) forms less than two-fifths of the acetabulum and also forms part of the acetabular fossa. Together with the ischium and pubis, to which the ilium is connected, these form the pelvic bone, with only a faint line indicating the place of union. The name comes from the Latin ( ile, ilis), meaning "groin" or "flank". The ilium of the human is divisible into two parts, the body and the wing the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum. All reptiles have an ilium except snakes, although some snake species have a tiny bone which is considered to be an ilium.
The ilium ( / ˈ ɪ l i ə m/) (plural ilia) is the uppermost and largest part of the coxal bone, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not bony fish.
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